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Communications
FIGURE 9.25 NC program translated into machine code and produced in punched 467
tape.
every single workpiece to be machined. Reading of punched tape is a
mechanical process that subjects the tape to wear, which can lead to
errors.
With the development of computer numerical control, it became
possible to overcome these disadvantages and, in addition, to create
many advantages. A CNC system contains its own computer system
based on modern microcomputer technology. A semiconductor mem-
ory is used as program memory. The punched tape is in fact also

