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Six Sigma and Manufacturing Control Systems



                                        Figure 3.2 X   control chart example.   79


                        process.  Several  observations  can  be  made  from  examining  these
                        charts:
                        1. In  Figures  3.2  and  3.3,  the  two  charts,  X   and R, are  measuring
                          process average and process variability, respectively. Although one
                          might be out of control, the other one is not, or vice versa. This is
                          due to the independence of the two attribute of the process.
                        2. The two charts are related mathematically, since the distance from
                              – –
                          the X to one of the control limits is equal to 3 s or A 2 · R  . The R
                          number in the chart (1.25 in Figure 3.3) can be multiplied by 0.73





















                                        Figure 3.3 R control chart example
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