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10 - PROJECT COMMUNICATIONS MANAGEMENT

• Interactive communication. Between two or more parties performing a multidirectional exchange
of information. It is the most efficient way to ensure a common understanding by all participants on
specified topics, and includes meetings, phone calls, instant messaging, video conferencing, etc.
• Push communication. Sent to specific recipients who need to receive the information. This ensures
that the information is distributed but does not ensure that it actually reached or was understood by the
intended audience. Push communications include letters, memos, reports, emails, faxes, voice mails,
blogs, press releases, etc.
• Pull communication. Used for very large volumes of information, or for very large audiences, and
requires the recipients to access the communication content at their own discretion. These methods
include intranet sites, e-learning, lessons learned databases, knowledge repositories, etc.

The choices of communication methods that are used for a project may need to be discussed and agreed upon
by the project stakeholders based on communication requirements; cost and time constraints; and familiarity and
availability of the required tools and resources that may be applicable to the communications process.
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10.1.2.5 Meetings

Described in Section 4.3.2.3. The Plan Communications Management process requires discussion and dialogue
with the project team to determine the most appropriate way to update and communicate project information,
and to respond to requests from various stakeholders for that information. These discussions and dialogue are
commonly facilitated through meetings, which may be conducted face to face or online and in different locations,
such as the project site or the customer’s site.

There are several types of project-related meetings where project communications may occur. Most project
meetings consist of stakeholders coming together for the purpose of resolving problems or making decisions.
Although casual discussions may be construed as a meeting, most project meetings are more formal with a
prearranged time, place, and agenda. Typical meetings begin with a defined list of issues to be discussed, which are
circulated in advance with minutes and other information documented specifically for the meeting. This information
is then disseminated to other appropriate stakeholders on an as-needed basis.

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