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92 5. IMPACT OF THE FLUID-STRUCTURE INTERACTION MODELING ON THE HUMAN VESSEL HEMODYNAMICS

simulating human hemodynamics. The results have shown that while the blood flow structure is relatively unaffected,
the instantaneous WSS presents discrepancies in all considered cases, as previously found by other authors [9, 16].
These differences are especially related to the minimum and maximum value of the WSS history along the cardiac
cycle. The comparison between the maximum values of the low WSS computed through the FSI technique exceeds
twice that computed using rigid walls in both arteries while the arterial compliance between systole and diastole is
limited to 3%, comparing diastolic and systolic conditions. Generally speaking, the CFD analysis tends to overestimate
the instantaneous WSS computation while the TAWSS, which is an average variable, tends to dump the discrepancies
yet provides more uniform spatial distribution.
The presented approach, even computationally more expensive than CFD, provides a significant insight into the
role that compliance plays and also allows the computation of structural stresses and strains that affect the vessel walls.
The latter, while computed within the FSI simulation and hence including the effect of hemodynamics, may provide
important information for the analysis of atherosclerosis. Structural variables, which were not shown in this work, may
also be considered in a large number of patients. Regions with high stresses that are related to tissue inflammation in
the literature can be correlated, for instance, to low or oscillating WSS. The presence of high stress and simultaneous
low or oscillatory WSS is submitted to an elevated risk of atherosclerosis, as reported by Thubrikar [46].

Acknowledgments
This study is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness through the research projects DPI2017-83259-R and
DPI2016-76630-C2-1-R. The support of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the CIBER-BBN initiative and through the project “Patient-
Specific Modelling of the Aortic valve replacement: Advance towards a Decision Support System (DeSSaValve)” is highly appreciated.

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I. BIOMECHANICS