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Chapter 4
Process Machinery Piping*
Fundamentals of Piping Design Criteria
It is certainly not within the scope of this text to deal extensively with
piping design and installation criteria; however, there are certain funda-
mentals which can have an impact on machinery reliability. These must
be appreciated by the machinery engineer if he is to retain a good over-
view of the integrated machinery system. Some key installation proce-
dures and verification criteria are, therefore, included for the machinery
engineer’s benefit.
The design of a piping system consists of the design of pipe, flanges,
bolting, gaskets, valves, fittings, and other pressure components such as
expansion joints. It also includes pipe supporting elements but does not
include the actual support structures such as building steel work, stan-
chions or foundations, etc.
Piping Design Procedure
These steps need to be completed in the design of any piping system:
Selection of pipe materials.
Calculation of minimum pipe wall thickness for design temperatures
and pressures (generally per ANSI B31.3).
* We gratefully acknowledge the help received from Wolfgang Schmidt, Essochem EU-
rope (Brussels, Belgium) in compiling this section.
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