Page 416 - Pipeline Risk Management Manual Ideas, Techniques, and Resources

Index 391
Facilities (see also Aboveground) 100,257-92 Housekeeping and human error 128
Failure 4.301.314,382 HPA (high population area) 166
Failure modes (see also FMEA) 99 HRS (hazard ranking system) 152
Failure modes and effects analysis (see FMEA) HSCC (hydrogen stress corrosion cracking) 77-8
Failure probability (see abo Failure rate) 299-302, 3 14,320 Hueristics 3 1-2
Failure rate 5-7,294-8.312-6,319-20 Human error (see also Procedures for prevention, Incorrect operations) I 17-
Failure investigation (see Inspection) 8, 197-200,265,278,280-2
Fatalities(seealsoValueofhuman life) 295-6,305-6,321,355,375 Human life, value of(see Value ofhuman life. Fatalities)
Fatigue 102-4, 143,234,236,250,268,382 Humidity
Fault treeanalysis 14,25 HVA (high value area) 168
FBE (fusion bonded epoxy) 78 HVL(highlyvolatileIiquid) 147-8,259,272,311.340
Fences(see Barriers) Hydrogen embrittlement (see HIC, HSCC)
Firelignition scenarios (see alsoTherma1 radiation) 135, 149,272,309 Hydrogen stress corrosion cracking (see HSCC)
probability 302-4 Hydrostatic pressure test (see Test)
Fixed length segmentation (seeah Sectioning) 26, 181
Flammability limits (seealso Ignition) 359
Flange 101 IA (intervention adjustment) 2 16-9
Flash point I37 Ice, scour from 254
Flashing fluids(seealso HVL) 361-2 Ignition (see also Fire) 302-4
Flexible pipe 235 ILI (in-line inspection; see also Inspections) 34-590,379,382
Flowpath modeling 148 Impact resistance (see Coating)
Fluidmodulus 367 Impressed current (see CP)
FMEA (failure modes and effects analysis) 14 Incorrect operations (see also Human error)
Fracture mechanics 143-6,366 40,44, 102, 117-32
Fracture toughness 102-4, 143-6,382 distribution systems 237
Fractures (seealso Cracks) 102-4, 1 IO, 143 facilities 268-71
Frequency 5,32,319 index 1 17- 132,205.237
Frost heave 1 12 offshore systems 253-5
Fusion bonded epoxy (see FBE) sabotage 205
Fuzzylogic 3 Index sum 40,44,240,299-300.382
lnducedcurrent (AC) 83
Inductive reasoning 2-3
Galvanic corrosion (see Corrosion) Information degradation 3 1,64
Gas release (see Release) Inhibitor (see Internal corrosion)
Gas Research Institute (see GRI) Injuries (see Fatalities)
Gas spill (see Spill) In-line inspection (see ILI; see also Inspections)
Geographic information system (see CIS) Inspection (seealso Survey) 124
CIS (geographic information system) 179 age 31, I05
Global positioning system (seeGPS) construction
GPS (global positioning system) 53,179 degradation (see Information degradation)
Gravity flow pipe (see Concrete pipe) internal (see olso Pigging) 107
GRI (Gas Research Institute) 45,306,369 sabotage potential (see Sabotage)
Ground'air interface 66 techniques 379
Ground-penetrating radar 53 visual 36,380
Groundwater (see Contamination) Integrity
assessments 29, 109-10
verification 100, 105-10,236-7.250.268
Handling, during installation 125
HAZ (heat affectedzone) 103-4.382 Insulation 66
Hazard I 10.5, 136-42.281.382 Intelligence gathering (see Data)
Intelligent pigging (see Pigging)
definition 3
identification I19 Interference currents 82-5
natural 110-1 12,250-3 Internal corrosion (see Corrosion)
zone 1724,306-16 Internal inspection (see Inspection)
Hazard and operability study (see HAZOP) Internal inspection tool (see Inspection)
Internal pressure 94
Hazard ranking system (see HRS) Intervention adjustment (see JA)
HAZOP (hazard and operability study) 14,25 Interview data 3 1
HCA (high consequence area) 166 1R drop (see also Corrosion) 79-80
HCL (high-low-close) chart I92
Heat affected zone (see HAZ)
Heat ofcombustion 359,272,155 Jet fire (see also Fireiignition scenarios) 149,308
Heat flux (see Thermal radiation) J-lay offshore pipe installation technique
HlC (hydrogen induced cracking) 78, I03 JNA bob needs analysis) 270
High consequence area (see HCA) Joining ofmatenals 124
High population area (see HPA) Joints (joining) 124,234-5,382,383
High value area (see HVA) JSA (job safety analysis) 270
High-low-close (see HCL) ITA Qob training analysis) 270
Highly volatile liquid (see HVL)
Histogram (see abo Frequency) 190
Historic areas 170 Key-lock sequence programs 13 1
Hole size (see also Materials, Fracture mechanics, Charpy test, Spill size,
Rupture, Cracks, Stress) 142-6.303.314-5
Holiday (see Coating defect) Lacustnne regions 168
Holiday detection (Are Coatings, Inspection) LakeTravis 327,377