Page 201 - Standard Handbook Petroleum Natural Gas Engineering VOLUME2
P. 201
170 Reservoir Engineering
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2.0
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2.2
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E
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a
5
a 2.4
.-
c
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2.8
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0 10 20 30 40
QCNL~~, Neutron Porosity Index (pu)
(Apparent Limestone Pwosi)
Figure 5-97. Chart for finding porosity and matrix composition from a
FDC-CNL log combination in fresh water [199].
3. Locating intervals at irreducible water saturation by comparing $F with $,
and R,, determined with other logs.
4. Determining residual oil saturation by adding paramagnetic ions to the
mud filtrate to cancel the water signal and leave the oil signal.
Dielectric Measurement Tools. Dielectric measurement tools examine the
formation with high frequency electromagnetic, waves (microwaves) rather than
high-frequency sound waves (as in the sonic or.acoustic logging tools). The way
the electromagnetic wave passes through a given formation depends on the
dielectric constants (E) of the minerals and fluids contained in the rock.
