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                                                       Sensitivity Singular Values at Error
                                    5


                                    0


                                    −5
                                   Singular Values (dB)  −10



                                   −15


                                   −20

                                   −25


                                   −30
                                    10 −1             10 0              10 1             10 2
                                                          Frequency (rad/sec)

                       FIGURE 30.16  PUMA 560 sensitivity frequency response at error.
                                                      Closed Loop Singular Values (r to y)
                                    10


                                    0


                                   −10
                                   Singular Values (dB)  −20



                                   −30


                                   −40

                                   −50


                                   −60
                                    10 −1             10 0              10 1             10 2
                                                          Frequency (rad/sec)

                       FIGURE 30.17  PUMA 560 reference to output frequency response.
                       Reference to Output Frequency Response
                       The transfer function matrix from reference commands r to link angles y is

                                                     T ry =  [ I +  PK] PKW                    (30.240)
                                                                  1
                                                                 –
                       Its singular values are plotted in Fig. 30.17. The plot suggests that low frequency reference commands
                       will be followed in the steady state and that little overshoot will result during the transient.

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