Page 299 - Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions - M.R. Riazi

P2: KVU/KXT
QC: —/—
P1: KVU/KXT
AT029-Manual
AT029-Manual-v7.cls
AT029-06
20:46
June 22, 2007
Pressure, PSIA
67 8 9 1,000
6 7 8 9 10,000
4 500
10 T1: IML 30 6. THERMODYNAMIC RELATIONS FOR PROPERTY ESTIMATIONS 279
4 50
67 8 9100
3,000
300
2
4
10 2 2 10
9 9
8 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 4
3 3
2 2
1.0 Temperature °F 1.0
500
9 9
8 450 8
7 7
6 6
5 400 5
4 4
3 3
2 300 2
280
0.1 260 0.1
240
9 9
8 220 8
7 7
6 200 6
5 5
4 180 4
K = y /x 3 160 3 K = y /x
2 140 2
120
.01 100 .01
9 9
8 8
7 80 7
6 6
5 5
60
4 4
3 3
40
2 2
20
.001 .001
9 9
8 0 8
7 7
6 6
5 5
4 –20 4
3 3
2 2
–40
.0001 .0001
10 2 30 4 50 67 8 9 100 2 300 4 500 67 8 9 1,000 2 3,000 4 67 8 9 10,000
Pressure, PSIA Heptane
CONV. PRESS. 10,000 PSIA
◦
FIG. 6.27—K i values of heptane. Unit conversion: ◦ F = C × 1.8 + 32 psia =
14.504 × bar. Taken with permission from Ref. [28].
where for ideal liquid and solid solutions γ L and γ S are begins for a mixture (see Problem 6.29). Multicomponent --`,```,`,``````,`,````,```,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
i i
L
unity and the pure component fugacity ratio f /f S can be SLE calculations become very easy once the stability analysis
i i
S
calculated from Eq. (6.155). For nonideal solutions, γ may is made. From stability analysis consideration a component
i
S
be calculated from Eq. (6.153). However, δ calculated from in a liquid mixture with mole fraction z i may exist as a pure
Eq. (6.153) must be used for δ in Eq. (6.154). Equations solid if the following inequality holds [17]:
(6.208) and (6.209) can be used to construct freezing/melting ˆ S
S L
points or liquid–solid phase diagram (Tx x ) based on SLE (6.210) f i (T, P, z i ) − f (T, P) ≥ 0
i
S
calculations as shown in Chapter 9. For an ideal binary sys- where f is fugacity of pure solid i. This equation is the ba-
i
S L
tem the Tx x diagram is shown in Fig. 6.32. Such figures sis of judgment to see if a component in a liquid mixture
are useful to determine the temperature at which freezing will precipitate as solid or not. The answer is yes if the above
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