Page 211 - Basic physical chemistry for the atmospheric sciences

Index 1 9 7

photochemical reaction with chlorine, hydrosulfuric acid (H2S), successive acid­
1 4 2- 1 4 3 dissociation constants for, 1 64
i
as possible catalyst for ozone destruc­ hydroxide o n (OH - ) , 79, 80, 83-84, 1 7 2
tion, 1 4 7, 148 as a base, 88
thermodynamic properties of, 169 equilibrium (or dissociation) constant
hydrogen carbonate ion ( H COj"}, 172 for, 163
equilibrium (or dissociation) constant hydrogen ion removal of, 85
for, 1 6 3 photons necessary to produce, 1 5 5
hydrogen fluoride. See hydrofluoric acid thermodynamic properties of, 1 7 0
(HF) " hydroxides (OH - ) , residence times in
hydrogen iodide (hydroiodic acid; HI), 85 ocean, 61
energy profile of formation of, 54-55 hydroxyl radical (OH)
hydrogen ion ( H + ) . See proton(s) as possible catalyst for ozone destruc­
hydrogen oxalate ion (binoxalate ion; tion, 147, 148- 149
HC204), 1 7 2 tropospheric ozone as source of, 145
hypochlorite ion (CIO - ) , 172
hydrogen peroxide (H202)
conversion to oxygen
catalysis, 57
free energy change in, 3 1
equilibrium (or dissociation) constant ice, pressure effects on melting point of,
for, 163 10
oxidation number of oxygen in, 1 06 ice packs, ammonium nitrate use in, 81
thermodynamic properties of, 1 6 9 ice-water particles, in polar stratospheric
hydrogen sulfate ion (bisulfate ion; clouds, role in ozone formation, 1 5 1 -
HS04), 1 7 2 1 5 2
equilibrium (or dissociation) constant ideal gas
for, 1 6 2 expansion of, 25-26
thermodynamic properties of, 1 7 1 Joule's law for, 25, 42
hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ideal gas equation, 5, 6, 14
from ammonium mercaptan dissocia­ reduction to Boyle's law, 26
tion, 1 5 ideal solution, 4, 33
i
dissolution n water, 1 definition of, 1 5 - 1 6
8
equilibrium (or dissociation) constant Raoult's law for, 1 6 , 72
for, 1 63 standard state and , 136
oxidation-reduction reaction with nitric immune system, nitric acid requirement
acid, 1 0 7, 108, 109 1 1 1 for, 1 5 4
-
thermodynamic properties of, 170 "inefficiency" factor, in photochemical re-
s
hydrogen sulfide ion (HS - ) action , 1 4 2
equilibrium (or dissociation) constant infra red light (or radiation), 1 3 8
for, 163 insoluble substances, definition of, 75
thermodynamic properties of, 170 interfacial energy, between vapor and
hydrogen sulfite ion (bisultite ion; liquid, 35
HS03) intermediates, in chemical reactions, 47
equilibrium (or dissociation) constant intermolecular energy transfer, of excited
for, 163 molecules, 140
oxidation-reduction reaction with ferric internal energy
ion , 1 0 5 of a body, 1 7
thermodynamic properties of, 1 7 1 Joule's law and , 42
hydroiodic acid . See hydrogen iodide ( H I) International System of Units. See Sl
hydrolysis constant, derivation of, 91 units
9
hydrolysis reactions, definition of, 1 - 93, intramolecular energy transfer, of excited
103 molecules, 1 4 0
hydronium ion (H3 0 + ) , 1 7 2 iodide ion 0- ) , 1 7 2
formation by carbon dioxide solution, ionic binary compounds, oxidation num­
bers for, 106
90
hydration of, 86-87 ionic dissociation, in acids and bases, 85