Page 329 - Biofuels Refining and Performance

308 Index

Methanol (Cont.): Oil shale and oil sand, 4
problems associated with, 208–209 Oil stability index (OSI), 156
production of, 209–210 Oils, plant:
properties of, 198–200 for future research, 132–139
toxicity of, 212 allanblackia oil, 133
Methyl esters, 155 bitter almond oil, 133, 134
Methylomonas albus, in biohydrogen chaulmoogra oil, 134–135
production, 42 papaya oil, 135–136
Methylosinus trichosporium, in sal oil, 136–137
biohydrogen production, 42 tung oil, 137–138
MFCs (see Microbial fuel cells) ucuuba oil, 138–139
Micro-Activity Test (MAT), 238–239 low-cost edible, 124–129
Microbial conversion, 38–43 cardoon oil, 124–125
Microbial fuel cells (MFCs), 279–284 Ethiopian mustard oil, 125–126
electrochemistry of, 281–282 gold-of-pleasure oil, 126–127
mediatorless, 282–283 tigernut oil, 127–129
Mimosa, 54–55 tonka bean oil, 123–124
Miscanthus, 57 nonedible, 109–124
Molasses, 195, 197 bahapilu oil, 110–111
Molecular sieve adsorption, 101 castor oil, 111–113
Molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs), cottonseed oil, 113–114
271–274 cuphea oil, 114–115
electrochemistry, 272–273 Jatropha curcas oil, 115–116
electrode, 273 karanja seed oil, 116–117
performance, 273–274 linseed oil, 117–119
stationary power applications, 289 mahua oil, 119–120
Municipal solid wastes: nagchampa oil, 120
low-temperature conversion, 241–245 neem oil, 121–122
properties and uses of, 63 rubber seed oil, 122–123
tonka bean oil, 123–124
Nagchampa oil, 120 as renewable energy source, 55–57
Neem oil, 121–122, 169 vegetable oil fuels/hydrocarbon blends,
Nonedible oils, 109–124 lipids in, 225–239
bahapilu oil, 110–111 vegetable oil processing and engine
castor oil, 111–113 performance, 165–219
cottonseed oil, 113–114 degumming of vegetable oils,
cuphea oil, 114–115 169–177
Jatropha curcas oil, 115–116 engine performance with esters of
karanja seed oil, 116–117 tallow and frying oil, 186–187
linseed oil, 117–119 engine performance with esters of
mahua oil, 119–120 vegetable oil, 184–186
nagchampa oil, 120 enzymatic transesterification of oils,
neem oil, 121–122 181–184
rubber seed oil, 122–123 for reducing pollutant emissions, 165
tonka bean oil, 123–124 studies of, 166–169
Novozymes, Inc., 63 transesterification of oils by acid or
Nutrients, use of stored energy for, 9 alkali, 177–181
Nutristat, 92 OSI (see oil stability index)
Overliming, 80
Occupational health, impact of alcohol Oxidation half reactions, 256, 257
fuels on, 218 Oxidation ponds, 27
Occupational safety, impact of alcohol Oxidative phosphorylation, 18, 19
fuels on, 218–219 Oxidative stability (biodiesel), 156–159