Page 349 - Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions - M.R. Riazi

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AT029-Manual
June 22, 2007
AT029-08
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8
Applications: Estimation MNL50-EB/May 2007
of Transport Properties

NOMENCLATURE N Pr Prandtl number defined in Eq. (8.29), dimension-
less
A Helmholtz free energy defined in Eq. (6.7), n A parameter in various equations
J/mol n Liquid refractive index at temperature T and
A T Adhesion tension (Eq. 8.85), N or dyne 1 atm, dimensionless
API API gravity defined in Eq. (2.4) P Pressure, bar
A, B, C, D, E Coefficients in various equations P a Parachor number (see Eq. 8.86)
a, b, c, d, e Constants in various equations P c Critical pressure, bar
BI vis Blending index for viscosity of liquid hydrocar- P r Reduced pressure defined by Eq. (5.100)
bons (see Eq. 8.20), dimensionless (= P/P c ), dimensionless
Velocity of sound, m/s p A dimensionless parameter for use in Eq. (8.78)
c s
Self diffusion coefficient of component A, Q A parameter for use in Eq. (8.88)
D A
2
2
cm /s (= 10 −4 m /s) q y Heat flux in the y direction, W/m 2
Binary (mutual) diffusion coefficient (diffusiv- R Gas constant = 8.314 J/mol · K (values in different
D AB
2
ity) of component A in B, cm /s units are given in Section 1.7.24)
D A-mix Effective diffusion coefficient (diffusivity) of r Radius of capillary tube (see Eqs. (8.80)–(8.82))
2
component A in a mixture, cm /s SG Specific gravity of liquid substance at 15.5 C
◦
D ∞L Liquid binary diffusion coefficient (diffusivity) (60 F) defined by Eq. (2.2), dimensionless
◦
AB
of component A in B at infinite dilution T Absolute temperature, K
2
2
(x A → 0), cm /s (= 10 −4 m /s) t Temperature related parameter (i.e., see Eq. (8.37)
d Molecular diameter, m (1 ˚ A = 10 −10 m) or (8.44))
E Activation energy (see Eq. 8.55), kcal/mol T b Normal boiling point, K
F Formation resistivity factor in a porous media T c Critical temperature, K
(see Eq. 8.72), dimensionless T r Reduced temperature defined by Eq. (5.100)
2
g Acceleration of gravity (= 9.8 m /s) (= T/T c ), dimensionless
I Refractive index parameter defined in T M Freezing (melting) point for a pure component at
Eq. (2.36) [= (n − 1)/(n + 2)], dimensionless 1.013 bar, K
2
2
J Ay Mass diffusion flux of component A in the y T br Reduced boiling point (= T b /T c ), dimensionless
3
2
direction (i.e., g/cm · s) V Molar volume, cm /mol
K W Watson characterization factor defined by V A Liquid molar volume of pure component A at nor-
3
Eq. (2.13) mal boiling point, cm /mol
3
k Thermal conductivity, W/m · K V c Critical volume (molar), cm /mol (or critical spe-
3
k L b Thermal conductivity of liquid at normal boil- cific volume, cm /g)
ing point, W/m · K V i Molar volume of pure component i at T and P,
3
k L Thermal conductivity of liquid at normal melt- cm /mol
M
ing point, W/m · K V r Reduced volume (= V/V c ), dimensionless
Boltzman constant (= R/N A = 1.381 × 10 −23 Velocity of fluid in the x direction, m/s
k B V x
3
J/K) V m L Molar volume of liquid mixture, cm /mol
Common logarithm (base 10) Mole fraction of component i in a mixture (usually
log 10 x i
ln Natural logarithm (base e) used for liquids), dimensionless
M Molecular weight (molar mass), g/mol x wi Weight fraction of component i in a mixture (usu-
(kg/kmol) ally used for liquids), dimensionless
m Mass of one molecule (= M/N A ), kg x P , x N , x A Fractions (i.e., mole) of paraffins, naphthenes,
m Cementation factor, a parameter characteristic and aromatics in a petroleum fraction, dimension-
of a porous media, dimensionless (i.e., see Eqs. less
(8.73) and (8.74)) y i Mole fraction of i in a mixture (usually used for
N Number of components in a mixture gases), dimensionless
N A Avogadro number = number of molecules in Z c Critical compressibility factor [Z c = P c V c /RT c ], di-
−1
one mole (6.022 × 10 23 mol ) mensionless
329
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