Page 204 - Sustainability in the Process Industry Integration and Optimization

Co m b i n e d P r o c e s s I n t e g r a t i o n a n d O p t i m i z a t i o n 181

FIGURE 8.12 1 2
S-graph U1 5 U2 1 11 Cream 1
representing the
recipe for the case 3 4
study of U3 7 U2 1 12 Cream 2
Example 8.3.
5 6
U4 1 U2 1 13 Conditioner

7 8 14 Shampoo
U5 8 U2 1

9 10
U6 6 U2 1 15 Lotion

P3 Task 8 (Batch 1)
P2 Task 4 (Batch 1) Task 4 (Batch 2)
Equipment Units V4 Task 3 (Batch 1)
P1

V3
V2 Task 7 (Batch 1)
V1 Task 3 (Batch 2)
78 12 19
Time [h]

FIGURE 8.13 Globally optimal schedule for the case study of Example 8.3.

integer programming (Douglas, 1988; Biegler, Grossman, and
Westerberg, 1997), and integration with PNS (Nagy et al., 2001). In
contrast, scheduling and Heat Integration of batch processes are
both complex optimization problems and quite different in nature.
The problems of scheduling and Heat Integration could be solved
sequentially (in either order). Yet because the solution of one problem
will affect the other, the result of this simplistic, sequential approach
is usually poor. A better solution may result from an integrated
consideration of scheduling and Heat Integration. Since there were
not too many methods for solving this integrated problem, the
effective design and operation of integrated batch systems required
development of a new method (Adonyi et al., 2003). The goal was to
operate simultaneously those tasks that involve potential heat